Holy Communion

What Is Holy Communion?

Holy Communion is the reception of Jesus Christ in the Eucharist.

When Catholics receive Holy Communion, they receive:

• The Body of Christ.
• The Blood of Christ.
• The Soul of Christ.
• The Divinity of Christ.

Because Jesus is truly present in the Eucharist, Holy Communion is a real encounter with the living Lord.

“He that eateth my flesh, and drinketh my blood, abideth in me, and I in him.” — John 6:57

Why Is It Called Communion?

The word communion means union or fellowship.

Through Holy Communion we are united:

• To Jesus Christ.
• To His Church.
• To all believers who form the Body of Christ.

Holy Communion deepens our relationship with God and strengthens our unity with one another.

Jesus Invites Us to His Table

At the Last Supper, Jesus gave Himself to His Apostles and commanded them:

“Do this for a commemoration of me.” — Luke 22:19

Since that night, Christians have gathered to receive the Eucharist.

Holy Communion is not merely remembering Jesus. It is receiving Him.

What Happens When We Receive Communion?

When received worthily, Holy Communion brings many spiritual blessings.

Union With Christ

Holy Communion draws us closer to Jesus.

Growth in Grace

The Eucharist strengthens the life of grace received in Baptism.

Forgiveness of Venial Sins

The Eucharist cleanses us from venial sins and helps us resist future temptation.

Spiritual Strength

Holy Communion strengthens us for daily Christian living.

Unity With the Church

The Eucharist deepens our unity with Christ’s Body, the Church.

Who May Receive Holy Communion?

The Catholic Church teaches that Holy Communion should be received by those who:

• Are baptized Catholics.
• Believe in the Real Presence.
• Are properly disposed.
• Are free from unconfessed mortal sin.
• Have observed the Eucharistic fast.

These requirements protect the dignity of the Sacrament and help us receive it fruitfully.

Receiving Communion Worthily

Saint Paul warns Christians about receiving the Eucharist unworthily.

“Therefore whosoever shall eat this bread, or drink the chalice of the Lord unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and of the blood of the Lord.” — 1 Corinthians 11:27

For this reason Catholics are encouraged to:

• Examine their conscience.
• Repent of sin.
• Go to Confession when necessary.
• Approach Communion with reverence and faith.

The Eucharistic Fast

Before receiving Holy Communion, Catholics ordinarily fast for one hour from food and drink, except water and medicine.

The fast helps prepare our hearts and minds to receive Christ reverently.

Receiving Communion at Mass

During Mass, the faithful approach the altar and receive the Eucharist.

The minister says:

“The Body of Christ.”

The communicant responds:

“Amen.”

This “Amen” means: “I believe.”

It is a profession of faith in the Real Presence of Jesus Christ.

Spiritual Communion

Sometimes a person cannot receive Holy Communion sacramentally.

In these situations, Christians may make a Spiritual Communion by expressing their desire to be united with Christ.

While different from receiving the Eucharist itself, Spiritual Communion can strengthen our love for Christ and deepen our desire for Him.

Common Misunderstandings

Communion Is Not Ordinary Bread

The Eucharist is Jesus Christ truly present.

Communion Is Not Merely Symbolic

Holy Communion is a real participation in Christ.

Communion Is Not a Reward for Perfection

The Eucharist is food for sinners seeking God’s grace. At the same time, serious sin should first be reconciled through Confession.

Receiving Communion Requires Faith

Holy Communion should be received with reverence, devotion, and belief in Christ’s presence.

Why Holy Communion Matters

Holy Communion is the most intimate encounter with Christ available to us on earth.

In the Eucharist:

• Jesus comes to us.
• Jesus nourishes us.
• Jesus strengthens us.
• Jesus transforms us.

The Christian life is centered on this gift.

Key Truths About Holy Communion

• Holy Communion is the reception of Jesus Christ in the Eucharist.
• Christ is received Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity.
• Holy Communion unites us more deeply to Christ.
• Holy Communion strengthens grace within us.
• Holy Communion forgives venial sins.
• Holy Communion strengthens the unity of the Church.
• Catholics should receive Communion worthily.
• The Eucharist is the source and summit of the Christian life.

What Does This Mean For Me?

Jesus desires to be united with you.

In Holy Communion, Christ gives Himself completely and invites you into deeper friendship with Him.

Every worthy reception of the Eucharist is an opportunity to grow in faith, hope, love, and holiness.

Explore the Eucharist

Continue Learning

Now that you understand Holy Communion, the next question is: What is Eucharistic Adoration?

Learn why Catholics spend time in prayer before Jesus present in the Blessed Sacrament.